How are these infections treated? What is CDC doing to address Acinetobacter infections? Get Email Updates. To receive email updates about this page, enter your email address: Email Address. What's this? Links with this icon indicate that you are leaving the CDC website.
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Acinetobacter baumannii is a bacterium that can cause a range of diseases. Acinetobacter Risks Healthy people have a very low risk of getting an A. The following factors increase the risk of infection: Having a weakened immune system Chronic lung disease Diabetes Lengthy hospital stays Illnesses that require the use of a hospital ventilator Having an open wound treated in the hospital Treatments requiring invasive devices like urinary catheters Acinetobacter bacteria are not airborne, but can be spread through direct contact with surfaces, objects, or the skin of people that are contaminated with A.
Acinetobacter infection rarely occurs outside of healthcare settings. Typical symptoms of pneumonia could include fever, chills, or cough. Symptoms of a bloodstream infection might include fever, chills, vomiting, and confusion. A wound infection might cause fever and redness, increasing pain, and pus around the wound. Symptoms of a urinary tract infection include frequent urination, pain or burning during urination, blood in the urine, cloudy or foul-smelling urine, and altered mental status.
In very ill patients, Acinetobacter infection can cause or contribute to death. Symptoms will vary depending on the type of infection that the bacteria causes. People may have the following symptoms for each type of infection. Symptoms of an Acinetobacter infection may show up anywhere between 4 and 40 days after a person comes into contact with the bacteria, but they usually appear within roughly 12 days.
Acinetobacter may not always produce symptoms. A person can also carry the bacteria in and on their body without it causing any infections. There are more than 50 species of the Acinetobacter bacteria. Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and Acinetobacter lwoffii are two other types of the bacteria that commonly cause infections. Researchers have found the above types of Acinetobacter , as well as a few other types, on vegetables, dairy products, meat, livestock, and human skin.
This finding suggests that there are many ways in which humans can come into contact with Acinetobacter bacteria. As strains of Acinetobacter are often resistant to many types of commonly prescribed antibiotics, a doctor will decide which treatment is best in each case. Doctors will test the Acinetobacter bacteria causing the infection in a laboratory. Doing this will allow them to determine which antibiotics may be suitable for fighting it.
A doctor will choose an antibiotic that works effectively against the bacteria, taking into account any potential side effects. They will also consider whether antibiotics will interfere with any other medication that a person is taking. Most Acinetobacter bacteria are resistant to almost all types of antibiotics, including a powerful group of antibiotics called carbapenems.
If a person has this type of Acinetobacter infection, a doctor may refer to it as a carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter CRAB infection.
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